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Which countries are doubly landlocked?

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Reaching the open ocean from a doubly landlocked country means crossing at least two national borders. Neither the country nor any of its neighbours has an ocean coast.

A UN-hosted Uzbekistan presentation identifies Uzbekistan and Liechtenstein as the world’s two doubly landlocked countries. All of each country’s neighbours are landlocked too.

Source: Uzbekistan presentation to UNECE, 2022

Landlocked means no coast on the open ocean. A shore on the Caspian Sea does not count as ocean access in this definition.

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