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Countries with Highest Fertility Rate

Niger and Chad typically lead the world in fertility rates, with averages exceeding 6 births per woman. Sub-Saharan African countries dominate the top of this ranking, driven by a combination of cultural factors, limited access to contraception, and lower levels of female education.

The global replacement rate is 2.1 births per woman — the level needed to maintain a stable population. Many European and East Asian countries now sit well below this threshold, leading to aging populations and shrinking workforces.

This ranking uses total fertility rate data from the World Bank and the United Nations Population Division.

Quick Facts

  • Niger has the highest fertility rate at approximately 7 births per woman.
  • The replacement rate is 2.1 births per woman.
  • Many European and East Asian countries are far below replacement rate.
  • Global fertility has declined from 5.0 in 1960 to roughly 2.3 today.

Test Your Knowledge

Can you guess which countries have the highest birth rates? Try these geography games.